Protein Synthesis

In the nucleus, the DNA gives out instructions to manufacture mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid). The messenger RNA exits the nucleus th highly strung the nuclear pores on the nuclear envelope and into the cytoplasm. The messenger RNA then binds to the ribosome where amino group acids are assembled into proteins. These ribosomes are manufactured in the nucleolus. The proteins synthesized by the heighten ribosomes are transferred into the cavity of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and change into its three-dimensional attains. The freshly synthesized proteins are modified there and when ready for export from the rough ER, they are transported to the Golgi apparatus (GA) via transport vesicles, which then fuse with the GA. The GA then further modifies and processes these proteins to become antibodies. From there, a transport vesicle containing the finished antibodies is dispatched and will make its way to the plasma tissue layer and release its contents from the cell.
The GA also produces lysosomes, which contain enzymes that wait on in the digestion of food taken in by the cell. The zip from the food is then used by the mitochondrion to form high energy compounds that can be utilized by the cell.
Without the nucleus, mRNA cannot be manufactured and ribosomes cannot be made in the nucleolus.



Without the ribosomes, proteins cannot be synthesized. Without the Rough ER, the proteins cannot be chemically modified and transported to the Golgi apparatus. Without the Golgi apparatus, these proteins cannot be stored, further processed into antibodies or transported to the plasma membrane to be secreted from the cell. Without the lysosomes and mitochondrion, the white blood cell will not have energy to function. Thus, all these organelles must work together and black market a part in protein synthesis.
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